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Seven

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Why does everyone use a 7 day week, and where did it come from? Where do the names of the days come from? And who can we blame for Mondays? Here’s the true story of one of the oldest human customs still in use today. It gets a little weird. 

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Hey, smart people, Joe, here, I was
looking at my calendar recently and
two questions popped into my head.

One, why are Lambis in
jammies so stinking cute?

Like why do we divide the
calendar into seven day chunks,

not eight or five? Most of the units
we divide our calendar with come
from natural astronomical cycles.

A year is the time it takes the
Earth to orbit the Sun once months,

roughly the length of the moon's
full cycle of phases, days from

the Earth's rotation on its axis.
But the week there's no natural,

earthly or astronomical cycle that
measures seven days. Despite that,

almost every culture on Earth today
divides its calendar this way.

Some historians think the seven
day week is so old it may be the

oldest known human institution
still functioning without a break.

That seems like a week is
actually a pretty strong idea.

Every invention has an inventor.
So why is a week?

Seven is an odd choice for
the number of days in a week,

and not just because it isn't even.
It's also a prime number and we

can't evenly divided into the three
hundred sixty five days in a year.

But seven has been regarded as a
significant number by countless

cultures for thousands of
years in religion, mythology,

superstition and folklore. The Seven
Deadly Sins, the Seven Virtues,

the seven days of Creation,
the Seven Samurai, the Seven Heavens,

the Seven Chakras, the Seven
Lucky Gods and the Mercury Seven.

The Mercury Seven were the
first astronauts selected

Each spacecraft in Project Mercury
was given a name ending and the

number seven and Project Mercury
laid the groundwork that led

to humans landing on the moon.
Incidentally, counting Apollo 13,

NASA originally planned seven
missions to land on the moon.

And the moon is where the story of
the seven day week begins. And there

are roughly, though not exactly
twelve moon cycles in a solar year.

And that was precise enough for
a farmer in five thousand B.C.

Twelve is a convenient
number for a few reasons.

For one, it's pretty small.
You can probably even count to it.

It can also be divided into two parts
or three parts or four or six parts,

which makes it a good basis for
measuring things like circles.

Let's draw a circle with radius
are then from the edge market

intersecting circle with the same
radius. And again on the other side,

these points of intersection divide
a circle into six equal portions

to subdivide each of those in
half and you can split a circle

into twelve equal parts without
complicated measuring tools,

which is handy for dividing the
sky into signs of the Zodiac.

Once a month, ancient sky watchers
watch the moon cycle through

the twelve slices of the Zodiac,
a seemingly unchanging backdrop of

stars. It's an observer on Earth. The
stars do rotate slowly once per day,

but their positions don't
change relative to each other.

But like the moon,
a few other objects bright enough

to be seen with the naked eye
do seem to move on their own.

These were known as wanderers
or planets in Greek,

and they were the moon, Mercury,
Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.

And if you add the biggest,
brightest wanderer, the sun,

you get seven of them originally
thought to be each embedded

in rotating spheres with
the earth at their center.

Of these are not all planets
by today's definition,

and that's not how the
solar system works at all.

But ancient sky watchers from the
Babylonians to the Greeks and Romans,

even India and China put the planets
in this order based on how fast they

wandered through the sky with Saturn,
the planet, with the longest

cycle at the top. And this is
where astronomy becomes astrology.

Now, in many ancient cultures,
each planet represented a God whose

position in the sky could influence
the lives of us puny little mortals.

Around the third century BC, Greek
astrologers writing horoscopes in

Egypt decided that each God was only
in charge for one hour at a time,

so Satan would rule for an hour
and then Jupiter, Mars and so on.

But with twenty four hours in a
day and only seven planets this

cycle spilled into the following
day each day, moving four planets

down the list. And finally,
after one hundred and sixty eight

hours repeating on the eighth day,
this is the planetary week.

And in this astrological system, each
day was named for its first hour.

Or translated Saturday, Sunday,
Monday, Mars Day, Mercury Day.

Wait a second. That was sounding
really good for a minute.

But then Mars Day and Mercury Day
don't really sound like Tuesday and

Wednesday unless you speak Latin or
any of the many languages descended

from it, like Spanish or French,
as the Greek astrological seven

day week was adopted by the Romans
and spread across their empire.

We can clearly see the planetary
roots in these languages names

for the days as Christianity
spread throughout Europe,

days were renamed to align with
Christian religious traditions,

and the first day of the working
week was moved to Monday.

I mean, I love the moon then.
Man, do I hate moon days now.

Right now I can hear you asking
what the heck is up with English?

Only three of these sound
like they're Latin root.

Well, northern European folks,
Germanic, Anglo-Saxon and

Norsemen ancestors, well,
they adopted the seven day week,

but they translated some of
the day names and for others,

the of their favorite local gods
in place of the Roman planets,

maybe as a way to send a message to
their Roman conquerors. By fifteen

hundred years ago, the seven day week
had even reached India and China.

And the names for the days of the
week in Hindi and some older Chinese

dialects are named for the same
astronomical bodies and space gods

as the Greek and Roman system.
In the same order, even an indigenous

American cultures like the Navajo
with no native concept of a week.

The seven day system was
immediately adopted following

contact with the Spanish and
adapted to the local language.

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“Seven” in YouTube Videos

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